SIMPLE PAST TENSE
Em inglês, existem verbos regulares e irregulares.
No passado, o verbo é usado para expressar ações acabadas em um tempo definido, mas pode ser usado também para expressar hábitos passados. Ex.: I always walked to school when I was five years old; I used to fight with my brothers.
Geralmente é usado juntamente com um advérbio de tempo passado: yesterday, ago, last (year, week), mas não necessariamente.
Os verbos irregulares não seguem as regras abaixo para a formação do passado.
Regras:
· Para formar o passado simples dos verbos regulares, acrescenta-se ed / d ao verbo
Ex.: love = loved, change = changed, talk = talked, play = played
· Se o verbo terminar em y, precedido de consoante, troca-se o –y por -ied.
Ex.: carry = carried, study = studied, hurry = hurried.
· Se o verbo terminar em –y precedido de vogal, segue a regra geral.
Ex.: play – played, stay = stayed. Mas, observe: say = said
· Se o verbo terminar em sílaba terminada por consoante/vogal/consoante (CVC), dobra-se a última consoante e acrescenta-se ed.
O verbo no passado é igual para todas as pessoas (I, you, he, she, it, we, you e they), exceto o verbo “to be”.
Afirmativa: He studied I spoke He was nice
Negativa: we didn’t study she didn’t speak We weren´t nice
Interrogativa: Did I study Did they speak Was I nice?
· O passado do verbo “to be” é was para I, he, she, e it e were para you, we e they.
· Não se usa did com o verbo “to be” no passado pois não é preciso nenhum auxiliar. Apenas inverte-se a ordem (verbo + sujeito) para fazer perguntas e acrescenta-se o not após o verbo para colocar na negativa.
EXERCÍCIOS
1. Conjugue os verbos no presente simples ou no passado, de acordo com o sentido da frase:
a) We _____ everyday (to dance)
b) They ______ to talk to Helen last night. (to try)
c) It _______ a lot last week (to rain)
d) She ______ tennis every morning (to play)
e) I _______ her at the party yesterday (to meet)
f) They ________ their umbrella in the subway ( to lose)
g) We _______ mistakes in the past years.
h) He _______a ten dollar-bill in the street (to find) and ______ it to me (to give)
2. Coloque as seguintes frases na interrogativa e na negativa:
a) They worked togheter for many years.
I:__________________________________________N:____________________________
b) I studyed English yesterday
I:__________________________________________N:____________________________
c) She went to school by car
I:__________________________________________N:____________________________
d) We had a dinner party yesterday
I:__________________________________________N:____________________________
e) He gave me his phone number
I:__________________________________________N:____________________________
f) She decided to learn Japanese.
I:__________________________________________N:____________________________
3. Escolha o verbo que melhor completa cada sentenças abaixo:
met saw brought bought gave is sleeping
a) He _____ her a lot of presents.
b) They were going to swin when I ____ them.
c) Silence, please! The baby ______________!
d) I _______him at the club yesterday.
e) She _______the books home and put them on the table.
f) She _______ vegetables for dinner.
4. Faça perguntas usando as palavras entre parênteses.
a) He went to the movies (where) _____________________________________________
b) They bought a new car (what) ______________________________________________
c) She taught French last year (when) __________________________________________
d) We traveled by plane (How) _____________________________________________
e) She gotup late because she was tired (why) ___________________________________
f) They sold their house in April (when) _______________________________________
g) I called her at 7 o’clock. (what time) ________________________________________
h) We met at the cafeteria. (where) ____________________________________________
i) I told her the truth. (what) _________________________________________________
j) We came home on foot (how) ______________________________________________
F Preste bastante atenção:
Na forma interrogativa e negativa, quando o verbo auxiliar é “did”, o verbo principal fica no infinitivo, sem o “to”.
